Our Science

The Science Behind Human Biology Intelligence

CellCircuit is built on more than a decade of research across engineered human biology, biomaterials, tissue engineering, 3D biofabrication, mechanobiology, phenomics, and translational science.

Our team's scientific work provides the foundation for engineering human-relevant biological systems, understanding how cellular context shapes function and disease, and transforming complex biological evidence into therapeutic insight.

Engineered Human Biology 3D Disease Models Biomaterials Neuroscience Biofabrication Spatial Biology Stem Cell Systems Cellular Microenvironments Translational Biology NAMs Engineered Human Biology 3D Disease Models Biomaterials Neuroscience Biofabrication Spatial Biology Stem Cell Systems Cellular Microenvironments Translational Biology NAMs
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Engineered Human Biology & Microenvironments

Research examining how engineered biochemical, mechanical, spatial, and structural cues shape cellular phenotype and function.

Viscoelastic N-cadherin-like interactions maintain neural progenitor cell stemness within 3D matrices

Nature Communications · 2025 M.S. Huang, B.L. LeSavage, S. Ghorbani, S.C. Heilshorn, et al.

Building better habitats: Spatiotemporal signaling cues in 3D biointerfaces for tailored cellular functionality

Biointerphases · 2024 S. Ghorbani, D.S. Sutherland

Protein ligand and nanotopography separately drive the phenotype of mouse embryonic stem cells

Biomaterials · 2023 S. Ghorbani, et al.

Protein ligand nanopattern size selects for cellular adhesion via hemidesmosomes over focal adhesions

Small Methods · 2022 S. Ghorbani, et al.

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3D Biofabrication & Complex Biological Systems

Research advancing spatial control, multicellular organization, perfusable architectures, and fabrication of complex living systems.

A diffusion-based 3D printing strategy to fabricate self-supporting, perfusable networks

BMC Methods · 2026 D. Ramos Mejia, B. Cai, Y.L. Tan, S.C. Heilshorn, et al.

One-step bioprinting of endothelialized, self-supporting arterial and venous networks

Biofabrication · 2025 B. Cai, D. Kilian, S. Ghorbani, S.C. Heilshorn, et al.

Diffusion-based 3D bioprinting strategies

Advanced Science · 2024 B. Cai, S.C. Heilshorn, et al.

Spatially controlled construction of assembloids using bioprinting

Nature Communications · 2023 J.G. Roth, B. Cai, S.C. Heilshorn, et al.

3D bioprinting of dynamic hydrogel bioinks enabled by small molecule modulators

Science Advances · 2023 S.M. Hull, B. Cai, S.C. Heilshorn, et al.

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Biomaterials & Dynamic Microenvironments

Research into engineered extracellular matrices, dynamic biomaterials, and material properties that regulate cellular behavior.

Reinforcement of fibrillar collagen hydrogels with bioorthogonal covalent crosslinks

Biomacromolecules · 2025 L.G. Brunel, B. Cai, S.C. Heilshorn, et al.

Interpenetrating networks of fibrillar and amorphous collagen promote cell spreading and hydrogel stability

Acta Biomaterialia · 2025 L.G. Brunel, B. Cai, S.C. Heilshorn, et al.

Embedded 3D bioprinting of collagen inks into microgel baths to control hydrogel microstructure and cell spreading

Advanced Healthcare Materials · 2024 L.G. Brunel, B. Cai, S.C. Heilshorn, et al.

Exploring stimuli-responsive natural processes for the fabrication of high-performance materials

Biomacromolecules · 2024 Y.L. Tan, et al.

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Neural Regeneration & Translational Bioengineering

Research translating engineered biomaterials and controlled delivery systems toward neural repair and regenerative applications.

Fabrication of bilayer nerve conduits with sustained drug release using a multi-material, embedded 3D printing strategy

Journal of Materials Chemistry B · 2026 B. Cai, S. Ghorbani, S.C. Heilshorn, et al.

Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into neuron-like cells using composite 3D scaffold combined with valproic acid induction

Journal of Biomaterials Applications · 2018 S. Ghorbani, et al.

Explore More Research

Our team's broader research spans biomaterials, tissue engineering, stem cell biology, biofabrication, responsive materials, regenerative medicine, and translational bioengineering.